Generation of human and mouse lung organoid

Abstract

The respiratory system, including the peripheral lungs, large airways and trachea, support the exchange of respiratory gases. Most of studies of adult human lung homeostasis is inferred from rodent studies or is gleaned from tissue samples obtained from human lungs. However, studies utilizing current human lung models are inherently difficult to interpret and hard to apply from bench to bedside. Recently, lung organoids, self-assembling structures generated from lung adult stem cell or pluripotent stem cell cultured in 3D, are useful tools for these investigations with biological relevance. Lung organoids expand our understanding of lung injury by identifying the epithelial stem cells associated with epithelial recovery and demonstrating the related factors which can manipulate the signaling pathways to improve or inhibit epithelial regeneration. Human lung organoid studies have improved the knowledge of human lung physiology, but the current human lung organoid model has significant limitations compared to in vivo human lung in terms of structure and cell composition. Here, we proposed new concept of lung organoids, mini-lung assembloids, by reconstituting organoids with stromal components and combined lung organoids to represent an overall architecture and cell components.