Clustering of peptidoglycan recognition protein-SA is required for sensing lysine-type peptidoglycan in insects
SCIE
SCOPUS
- Title
- Clustering of peptidoglycan recognition protein-SA is required for sensing lysine-type peptidoglycan in insects
- Authors
- Park, JW; Kim, CH; Kim, JH; Je, BR; Roh, KB; Kim, SJ; Lee, HH; Ryu, JH; Lim, JH; Oh, BH; Lee, WJ; Ha, NC; Lee, BL
- Date Issued
- 2007-04-17
- Publisher
- NATL ACAD SCIENCES
- Abstract
- Recognition of lysine-type peptidoglycan by peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRP)-SA provokes the activation of the Toll and prophenoloxidase pathways. Here we reveal that a soluble fragment of lysine-type peptidoglycan, a long glycan chain with short stem peptides, is a potent activator of the Drosophila Toll pathway and the prophenoloxidase activation cascade in the beetle Tenebrio molitor. Using this peptidoglycan fragment, we present biochemical evidence that clustering of PGRP-SA molecules on the peptidoglycan is required for the activation of the prophenoloxidase cascade. We subsequently highlight that the lysozymemediated partial digestion of highly cross-linked lysine-type peptidoglycan dramatically increases the binding of PGRP-SA, presumably by inducing clustering of PGRP-SA, which then recruits the Gram-negative bacteria-binding protein 1 homologue and a modular serine protease containing low-density lipoprotein and complement control protein domains. The crucial role of lysozyme in the prophenoloxidase activation cascade is further confirmed in vivo by using a lysozyme inhibitor. Taken together, we propose a model whereby lysozyme presents a processed form of lysine-type peptidoglycan for clustering of PGRP-SA that recruits Gram-negative bacteria-binding protein 1 and the modular serine protease, which leads to the activation of both the Toll and prophenoloxidase pathways.
- URI
- https://oasis.postech.ac.kr/handle/2014.oak/12745
- DOI
- 10.1073/pnas.0610924104
- ISSN
- 0027-8424
- Article Type
- Article
- Citation
- PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, vol. 104, no. 16, page. 6602 - 6607, 2007-04-17
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