Design and Application of Fluorescent Systems for Probing Interactions of Nucleic Acids and Biomolecules

Abstract

Nucleic acids are the key molecules in life, participated in storage, decoding, and delivery of genetic information. Nucleic acids interact with many biomolecules, for example, metal ion, small ligands, peptides, and proteins to function many biological roles. Recently, intensive discoveries suggest that nucleic acids are highly flexible and dynamic molecules for specific recognition ability of interesting biomolecules.Fluorescent spectroscopy provides powerful tools for investigation of miscellaneous changes of nucleic acids and biomolecules. The high sensitivity and informative properties of fluorescence realize tracking dynamics of these molecules. Useful fluorescent systems are designed and developed for study of various interactions and mechanisms in nucleic acids and related biomolecules.In this study, we designed and applied various fluorescent systems for study interactions of nucleic acids and biomolecules. We synthesized fluorescent nucleosides and probed RNA bulge conformational changes induced by RNA binding ligands or metal ions. In addition, we constructed single-molecule FRET system and study the miscellaneous motion of RNA binding process of RNA binding protein NSAP1 (hnRNPQ). In next, we designed and applied various fluorescent systems for exploring dynamics of nucleic acids and specific biomolecules.