Solution-processed-MoO3 hole extraction layer on oxygen plasma-treated indium tin oxide in organic photovoltaics
SCIE
SCOPUS
- Title
- Solution-processed-MoO3 hole extraction layer on oxygen plasma-treated indium tin oxide in organic photovoltaics
- Authors
- Wan Jae Dong; Gwan Ho Jung; Lee, JL
- Date Issued
- 2013-09
- Publisher
- ELSIVIER
- Abstract
- Effects of oxygen plasma (O-2 plasma) treatment of ITO on the characteristics of solution-processed molybdenum oxide (MoO3) hole extraction layer in bulk hetero-junction organic photovoltaics (OPVs) are studied. The chemical composition of O-2 plasma-treated ITO was determined using monochromatic X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The valence band energies were investigated by ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (UPS) measurements. XPS and UPS measurements reveal that O-2 plasma treatment of bare ITO film was found to incorporate the polar surface species such as (O-2)(2-), resulting in an increase of both workfunction from 4.62 to 5.05 eV and polar surface energy from 27 to 38 mN/m. The high work function results in efficient hole transport at the ITO/MoO3 interfaces. The highly polar surface is readily available for uniform coating of MoO3 on ITO. Electrical conductivity of oxidized ITO changes four orders of magnitude from 2.4 x 10(-2) to 4.08 x 10(2) S/cm, depending on O-2 plasma pressure conditions. Thus, the ITO/MoO3 interface dominates the series resistance of OPVs fabricated with poly (3-hexylthiophene) and phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM). The presence of (O-2)(2-) states in the ITO/MoO3 interface in OPVs is suggested to play a significant role in controlling the device lifetime as well as the efficiency of OPV. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
- Keywords
- Molybdenum oxide; Wetting; Work function; Indium tin oxide; Oxygen plasma; POLYMER SOLAR-CELLS; WORK FUNCTION; INTERFACIAL LAYER; TRANSPORT LAYERS; GRAPHENE OXIDE; ANODE; EFFICIENCY; STABILITY; ENERGY; FILMS
- URI
- https://oasis.postech.ac.kr/handle/2014.oak/14622
- DOI
- 10.1016/J.SOLMAT.2013.04.005
- ISSN
- 0927-0248
- Article Type
- Article
- Citation
- Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, vol. 116, page. 94 - 101, 2013-09
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