A one-kilobit PQR-CMOS smart pixel array

Abstract

The photonic quantum ring (PQR) laser is a three dimensional whispering gallery (WG) mode laser and has anomalous quantum wire properties, such as microampere to nanoampere range threshold currents and rootT- dependent thermal red shifts. We observed uniform bottom emissions from a 1-kb smart pixel chip of a 32X32 InGaAs PQR laser array flip-chip, bonded to a 0.35 mum CMOS-based PQR laser driver. The PQR-CMOS smart pixel array, now operating at 30 MHz, will be improved to the GHz frequency range through device and circuit optimization.