Differential induction of protein expression and benzophenanthridine alkaloid accumulation in Eschscholtzia californica suspension cultures by methyl jasmonate and yeast extract

Abstract

Methyl jasmonate (MJ) and yeast extract (YE) induce protein expression and benzophenanthridine alkaloid accumulation in Eschscholtzia californica suspension cell cultures. One hundred M MJ primarily induced dihydrosanguinarine (509.0 +/- 7.4 mg/l); 0.2 g/l YE induced sanguinarine (146.8 +/- 3.8 mg/l) and an unknown compound. These results occur because dihydrobenzophenanthridine oxidase (DHBO) is induced by YE and not by MJ. YE and chitin (CHI) had similar effects on sanguinarine production and DHBO expression. Differential induction of secondary metabolites was shown in E. californica suspension cultures and the expression of proteins confirmed the metabolite results. Furthermore, treatment by various oligosaccharides helped us to understand the elicitation effect of YE in signal transduction pathways.